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Pertamina Dukung Komitmen Pemerintah Kurangi Emisi Karbon 39 Persen Tahun 2030

- by AKHMAD SEKHU - 95 Comments.
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KabareTegal – Pertamina mendukung komitmen pemerintah Indonesia untuk menargetkan pengurangan emisi karbon sebesar 39 persen di tahun 2030. Kontribusi dan  peran nyata  dalam pengurangan emisi karbon salah satunya dilakukan oleh PT Pertamina Geothermal Energy (PGE) sebagai bagian dari Subholding Power & New Renewable Energy (PNRE),  lewat mekanisme Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).

 

CDM merupakan proyek dengan fungsi menurunkan emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK) yang dapat bermanfaat secara ekonomi dan dapat mengurangi pemanasan global untuk mendukung pembangunan berkelanjutan. Hal ini sejalan dengan komitmen Pemerintah Indonesia dalam dokumen Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) yang disampaikan pada Konferensi Iklim PBB tahun 2015 (COP-21) di Paris.

 

Presiden  Joko Widodo dalam konferensi Pers di Paris pada 30 November 2015 mengatakan bahwa pengurangan emisi gas rumah kaca (karbon) merupakan konsekuensi atas penandatanganan Protokol Kyoto oleh 188 negara pada 11 Desember 1997. Pemerintah Indonesia menetapkan komitmen (National Determined Contribution-NDC) untuk menurunkan emisi gas rumah kaca sampai 29 persen pada tahun 2030, bahkan dengan bantuan internasional bisa menjadi 41 persen.

 

Seperti dikutip KabareTegal dari laman resmi Pertamina, komitmen Indonesia untuk mengurangi emisi karbon sendiri lahir untuk  merespon isu perubahan iklim dimana Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang rentan terhadap dampak perubahan iklim.

 

 

PGE saat ini mengelola 15 wilayah kerja dengan total kapasitas terpasang panas bumi dalam wilayah kerjanya sebesar 1.877 MW (termasuk Joint Operation Contract – JOC), dan terdapat potensi pengurangan emisi karbon sebesar 9,7 juta ton CO2e/tahun. Beberapa dari potensi pengurangan emisi tersebut sudah masuk dalam  mekanisme Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) di United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

 

UNFCCC  merupakan sebuah perjanjian lingkungan yang ditandatangani oleh negara-ngeara yang tergabung di PBB. Perjanjian yang ditandatangani pada tahun 1992 lalu ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengontrol tingkat emisi gas rumah kaca di atmosfer sampai tingkat yang mampu mencegah campur tangan manusia dengan sistem iklim.

 

Langkah pengurangan emisi karbon ini juga tercermin dari setidaknya 7  Proyek Carbon Credit PGE yang dimulai sejak tahun 2010. Adapun ke-7 proyek tersebut terdiri dari Proyek Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), Verified Carbon Standard (VCS) dan Gold Standard sebagai premium label Proyek CDM.

 

Potensi Ekonomi Carbon Credit

 

Selain berdampak positif bagi lingkungan, pengelolaan carbon yang tepat juga dapat memberikan potensi ekonomi. Meskipun saat ini terdapat tantangan penurunan harga jual carbon credit yang signifikan pasca berakhirnya protokol Kyoto, dengan meningkatnya tingkat kepedulian negara-negara di dunia terhadap pemanfaatan energi bersih dan pengurangan emisi karbon, PGE berharap pasar CDM bisa lebih baik dan lebih stabil pada tahun-tahun mendatang.

 

Saat ini terdapat lima proyek carbon credit di PT Pertamina Geothermal Energy berjenis Clean Development Mechanism Gold Standard (CDM-GS) yaitu Kamojang Unit 5, Karaha Unit 1, Lumut Balai Unit 1&2, Lumut Balai Unit 3&4, dan Ulubelu Unit 3&4. Dengan adanya sertifikasi premium label “Gold Standard”, maka nilai jual kredit karbon bisa lebih dimaksimalkan.

 

Untuk pengelolaan CDM-GS dilakukan bersama SouthPole Carbon Assets Management, Ltd. (SPCAM). Selain itu, ada juga proyek carbon credit berjenis Verified Carbon Standard (VCS) untuk Lahendong Unit 5&6. Proyek ini awalnya adalah proyek CDM yang kemudian diubah menjadi VCS karena potensi harga jual carbon credit-nya menjadi lebih tinggi yang saat ini dalam tahap persiapan verifikasi dan penjualan.

 

VCS  merupakan sertifikat proyek penurunan emisi gas rumah kaca yang dibuat oleh lembaga non komersil The Climate Group, International Emissions Trading Association (IETA), The World Economic Forum, dan The World Business Council for Sustainable Development pada tahun 2005. Sertifikasi ini menitikberatkan pada nilai tambah berupa pengembangan metodologi-metodologi baru di luar CDM dengan mekanisme yang relatif lebih sederhana dan biaya transaksi yang lebih murah.

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About AKHMAD SEKHU

Akhmad Sekhu, wartawan dan juga sastrawan. Buku puisinya: Penyeberangan ke Masa Depan (1997), Cakrawala Menjelang (2000). Sedangkan, novelnya: Jejak Gelisah (2005), Chemistry (2018), Pocinta (2021)

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